Free pharmacology MCQ exam model for basic medical & preclinical students

Explanation:

• Analgesic and antipyretic → Correct because paracetamol reduces pain and fever.

• Anti-inflammatory drug → Incorrect because it has minimal anti-inflammatory effect.

• Antibiotic → Incorrect because it does not kill bacteria.

• Anticoagulant → Incorrect because it does not affect clotting.

• Antidepressant → Incorrect because it does not act on mood disorders.

Explanation:

• Analgesics → Correct because they relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness.

• Antibiotics → Incorrect because they treat infections.

• Antipyretics → Incorrect because they reduce fever.

• Antihistamines → Incorrect because they treat allergic reactions.

• Diuretics → Incorrect because they increase urine output.

Explanation:

• Drugs and their effects on the body → Correct because pharmacology focuses on drug actions, uses, and side effects.

• Structure of tissues → Incorrect because this is histology.

• Mechanisms of disease → Incorrect because this is pathophysiology.

• Microorganisms → Incorrect because this is microbiology.

• Immune responses → Incorrect because this is immunology.

Explanation:

• Ratio of toxic dose to effective dose → Correct because it indicates drug safety margin.

• Duration of drug action → Incorrect because it refers to time, not safety.

• Dose required for therapeutic effect → Incorrect because this is minimum effective dose.

• Rate of drug metabolism → Incorrect because it is pharmacokinetics.

• Extent of drug absorption → Incorrect because it defines bioavailability.

Explanation:

• Competing with agonist at the same receptor → Correct because competitive antagonists block agonist binding reversibly.

• Reducing drug absorption → Incorrect because this is pharmacokinetics.

• Binding irreversibly to receptor → Incorrect because this describes non-competitive antagonists.

• Activating the receptor → Incorrect because this is an agonist.

• Increasing receptor number → Incorrect because this is upregulation.

Explanation:

• Nephrotoxicity → Correct because aminoglycosides damage renal tubules.

• Hepatotoxicity → Incorrect because it is more common with paracetamol overdose.

• Cardiotoxicity → Incorrect because it is associated with anthracyclines.

• Pulmonary fibrosis → Incorrect because it is seen with bleomycin.

• Bone marrow suppression → Incorrect because it is seen with cytotoxic drugs.

Explanation:

• Intravenous → Correct because the drug directly enters systemic circulation.

• Oral → Incorrect because first-pass metabolism reduces bioavailability.

• Intramuscular → Incorrect because absorption may be incomplete.

• Subcutaneous → Incorrect because absorption is slower and variable.

• Rectal → Incorrect because absorption is unpredictable.

Explanation:

• Propranolol → Correct because it blocks beta-adrenergic receptors.

• Atropine → Incorrect because it is an antimuscarinic drug.

• Digoxin → Incorrect because it increases cardiac contractility.

• Amlodipine → Incorrect because it is a calcium channel blocker.

• Furosemide → Incorrect because it is a loop diuretic.

Explanation:

• Pharmacokinetics → Correct because it deals with absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

• Pharmacodynamics → Incorrect because it studies drug effects and mechanisms.

• Pharmacogenetics → Incorrect because it studies genetic variation in drug response.

• Toxicology → Incorrect because it studies harmful effects of drugs.

• Chemotherapy → Incorrect because it deals with treatment of cancer and infections.

Explanation:

• Atropine → Correct because it blocks muscarinic effects of excess acetylcholine.

• Naloxone → Incorrect because it reverses opioid overdose.

• Vitamin K → Incorrect because it reverses warfarin.

• Protamine sulfate → Incorrect because it reverses heparin.

• Flumazenil → Incorrect because it reverses benzodiazepines.