Free hematology MCQ exam model for clinical students

Explanation:

• High mean corpuscular volume → Correct because impaired DNA synthesis leads to macrocytosis.

• Low mean corpuscular volume → Incorrect because it indicates microcytic anemia.

• Low reticulocyte count only → Incorrect because MCV change is key.

• Increased platelet count → Incorrect because thrombocytopenia may occur.

• Microcytosis → Incorrect because cells are enlarged, not small.

Explanation:

• Blood and blood-forming organs → Correct because hematology studies blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues.

• Heart and vessels → Incorrect because this is cardiology.

• Immune system only → Incorrect because this is immunology.

• Endocrine glands → Incorrect because this is endocrinology.

• Bone and joints → Incorrect because this is orthopedics.

Explanation:

• Neutrophils → Correct because they constitute 60–70% of leukocytes.

• Eosinophils → Incorrect because they are few in number.

• Basophils → Incorrect because they are rare.

• Lymphocytes → Incorrect because they are second most common.

• Monocytes → Incorrect because they are less numerous.

Explanation:

• Malaria → Correct because parasitic destruction of RBCs is common globally.

• Sickle cell anemia → Incorrect because it is region-specific.

• Thalassemia → Incorrect because it causes chronic anemia, not acute hemolysis commonly.

• G6PD deficiency → Incorrect because it is episodic.

• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia → Incorrect because it is less common worldwide.

Explanation:

• Aplastic anemia → Correct because bone marrow failure causes pancytopenia.

• Iron deficiency anemia → Incorrect because it affects RBCs primarily.

• Hemolytic anemia → Incorrect because bone marrow is hypercellular.

• Thalassemia → Incorrect because marrow is hyperactive.

• Leukemia → Incorrect because marrow is usually hypercellular.

Explanation:

• Iron deficiency anemia → Correct because lack of iron impairs hemoglobin synthesis.

• Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency → Incorrect because it causes macrocytic anemia.

• Folate deficiency → Incorrect because it causes macrocytosis.

• Hemolytic anemia → Incorrect because RBC size is usually normal.

• Aplastic anemia → Incorrect because it causes pancytopenia.

Explanation:

• Monoclonal gammopathy → Correct because malignant plasma cells produce M protein.

• Polycythemia → Incorrect because it is increased RBC mass.

• Thrombocytosis → Incorrect because platelets are often reduced.

• Leukocytosis → Incorrect because WBC count may be normal.

• Hypogammaglobulinemia → Incorrect because immunoglobulins are increased.

Explanation:

• Chronic myeloid leukemia → Correct because it shows BCR-ABL fusion gene.

• Acute lymphoblastic leukemia → Incorrect because Philadelphia chromosome is uncommon.

• Acute myeloid leukemia → Incorrect because it has other translocations.

• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia → Incorrect because it lacks this mutation.

• Multiple myeloma → Incorrect because it is a plasma cell disorder.

Explanation:

• Serum ferritin → Correct because it reflects body iron stores accurately.

• Serum iron → Incorrect because it fluctuates daily.

• Total iron-binding capacity → Incorrect because it reflects transferrin levels.

• Hemoglobin level → Incorrect because it reflects anemia, not stores.

• Peripheral blood smear → Incorrect because it shows morphology only.

Explanation:

• Von Willebrand disease → Correct because it is the most common inherited bleeding disorder.

• Hemophilia A → Incorrect because it is less common.

• Hemophilia B → Incorrect because it is rarer.

• Disseminated intravascular coagulation → Incorrect because it is acquired and acute.

• Platelet function disorder → Incorrect because they are less common.