Free histology MCQ exam model for basic medical students

Explanation:

• Simple columnar epithelium → Correct because it has tall cells with microvilli that increase absorptive surface.

• Stratified squamous epithelium → Incorrect because it is protective.

• Simple squamous epithelium → Incorrect because it allows diffusion, not absorption.

• Simple cuboidal epithelium → Incorrect because it has limited absorptive capacity.

• Transitional epithelium → Incorrect because it allows stretching.

Explanation:

• Oligodendrocyte → Correct because it forms myelin sheaths in the CNS.

• Schwann cell → Incorrect because it myelinates nerves in the PNS.

• Astrocyte → Incorrect because it provides support and nutrition.

• Microglia → Incorrect because it acts as macrophages.

• Ependymal cell → Incorrect because it lines ventricles.

Explanation:

• Elastic fibers → Correct because they allow tissues to stretch and recoil.

• Collagen fibers → Incorrect because they provide tensile strength.

• Reticular fibers → Incorrect because they form supportive networks.

• Muscle fibers → Incorrect because they are contractile cells, not connective tissue fibers.

• Nerve fibers → Incorrect because they transmit impulses.

Explanation:

• Fibrocartilage → Correct because it resists compression and is found in intervertebral discs.

• Hyaline cartilage → Incorrect because it is found in trachea and joints.

• Elastic cartilage → Incorrect because it is found in pinna of ear.

• Articular cartilage → Incorrect because it covers joint surfaces only.

• Costal cartilage → Incorrect because it connects ribs to sternum.

Explanation:

• Osteoclast → Correct because it breaks down bone matrix.

• Osteoblast → Incorrect because it forms bone.

• Osteocyte → Incorrect because it maintains bone.

• Chondroblast → Incorrect because it forms cartilage.

• Fibroblast → Incorrect because it forms connective tissue fibers.

Explanation:

• Tissues → Correct because histology deals with the microscopic structure of tissues.

• Cells → Incorrect because cells are studied in cytology.

• Organs → Incorrect because organs are composed of multiple tissues.

• Systems → Incorrect because systems involve groups of organs.

• Whole organisms → Incorrect because this is studied in biology.

Explanation:

• Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) → Correct because it stains glycoproteins of basement membrane.

• Hematoxylin and eosin → Incorrect because it is a general stain.

• Gram stain → Incorrect because it stains bacteria.

• Ziehl–Neelsen stain → Incorrect because it stains acid-fast bacilli.

• Giemsa stain → Incorrect because it is mainly used for blood smears.

Explanation:

• Haversian system → Correct because it is the osteon, the functional unit of compact bone.

• Trabecula → Incorrect because it is found in spongy bone.

• Osteocyte → Incorrect because it is a bone cell.

• Lacuna → Incorrect because it houses osteocytes.

• Canaliculus → Incorrect because it connects lacunae.

Explanation:

• Smooth muscle → Correct because it lacks striations and is involuntary.

• Skeletal muscle → Incorrect because it is striated and voluntary.

• Cardiac muscle → Incorrect because it is striated though involuntary.

• Striated muscle → Incorrect because smooth muscle is non-striated.

• Voluntary muscle → Incorrect because smooth muscle is involuntary.

Explanation:

• Simple squamous epithelium → Correct because thin cells allow rapid gas exchange.

• Simple cuboidal epithelium → Incorrect because it is thicker.

• Stratified squamous epithelium → Incorrect because it is protective.

• Pseudostratified ciliated epithelium → Incorrect because it lines trachea.

• Transitional epithelium → Incorrect because it lines urinary bladder.