Explanation:

(Correct): Tendons attach muscles to bones.

• Ligaments connect bone to bone.

• Cartilage cushions joints.

• Fascia surrounds muscles.

• Aponeurosis is a flat tendon, but general answer is tendon.

Explanation:

• Sinoatrial node → Correct because it initiates electrical impulses of the heart.

• Atrioventricular node → Incorrect because it delays impulse conduction.

• Bundle of His → Incorrect because it conducts impulses to ventricles.

• Purkinje fibers → Incorrect because they distribute impulses in ventricles.

• Ventricular myocardium → Incorrect because it contracts but does not initiate rhythm.

Explanation:

• Aspiration pneumonia → Correct because empty stomach reduces aspiration risk under anesthesia.

• Hypoglycemia → Incorrect because fasting may cause hypoglycemia.

• Electrolyte imbalance → Incorrect because it is not the main reason.

• Postoperative nausea → Incorrect because fasting does not prevent it.

• Bleeding → Incorrect because it is unrelated.

Explanation:

• Von Willebrand disease → Correct because it is the most common inherited bleeding disorder.

• Hemophilia A → Incorrect because it is less common.

• Hemophilia B → Incorrect because it is rarer.

• Disseminated intravascular coagulation → Incorrect because it is acquired and acute.

• Platelet function disorder → Incorrect because they are less common.

Explanation:

• Safety → Correct because therapeutic index compares toxic dose to effective dose.

• Potency → Incorrect because it refers to dose required for effect.

• Efficacy → Incorrect because it refers to maximal effect.

• Duration of action → Incorrect because it relates to half-life.

• Bioavailability → Incorrect because it measures absorption.

Explanation:

• Stroke → Correct because cerebrovascular disease is the leading cause in adults.

• Brain tumor → Incorrect because it is less common.

• Metabolic disorders → Incorrect because they cause acute symptomatic seizures.

• Infections → Incorrect because they are more common in children.

• Trauma → Incorrect because it causes post-traumatic seizures but not most common.

Explanation:

• Testicular torsion → Correct because it threatens testicular viability and needs urgent surgery.

• Epididymitis → Incorrect because it is usually managed medically.

• Hydrocele → Incorrect because it is painless and elective.

• Varicocele → Incorrect because it is chronic.

• Testicular tumor → Incorrect because it presents as painless mass.

Explanation:

• Venous ulceration → Correct because chronic venous hypertension leads to ulcers.

• Cosmetic deformity → Incorrect because it is not serious.

• Edema → Incorrect because it is common but reversible.

• Superficial thrombophlebitis → Incorrect because it is less severe.

• Itching → Incorrect because it is a minor symptom.